Continuing from part one …
Percutaneous Nephrostolithotomy (PCN)
This surgical procedure used direct route to removing the kidney stones. Using a needle and guide wire to access kidney stones. Surgeon then threads various catheters over the guide wire and into the kidney and manipulates surgical instruments through the catheters to fragment and finally remove kidney stones. This procedure is more effective for medium and large kidney stones than using shock wave lithrotripsy treatment. But it usually requires hospitalisation within 2 weeks before kidney stones patient can resume it normal activity. This procedure must perform under local anaesthesia and intravenous sedation.
Ureteroscopic Stone Removal
This procedure mostly used to deal with kidney stones located in the middle and lower ureter. Using a small fiberoptic device called ureteroscope. This device will pass through the urethra and bladder and into the ureter. This method will remove small kidney stones while the large kidney stones will fragment into pieces using laser. A stent or small tube may be left in the ureter for a few days after treatment. This step is needed to promote healing and prevent blockage from swelling or spasm. Just like others procedure, it also must performed under general anaesthesia.
Open Surgery
This procedure might be old fashion way, since many new invention and progress being made to removing kidney stones. This procedure requires an incision in the patient’s back and the kidney stones will extracted through that incision in the ureter or kidney. Unlike recent kidney stones surgical treatment that promise short healing, this procedure require prolonged hospitalisation and most kidney stones patient will recovery within several weeks. That why it became infamous among kidney stones patient comparing the other surgical method.
Prevention
Preventing renal kidney stones disease is depends on the type of kidney stones produced, which is quite varied. It is base on chemical risk factors and balance healthy lifestyle, which is requiring kidney stones patient’s willingness to perform long-term prevention plan. The easiest way that the patient sometimes unaware is to make lifestyle modifications such as increased fluid intake and changes in diet.
Consuming orange juice and lemonade with real lemon juice are suggested by many physician and herbalist as it widely known for good sources of citrate and may be recommended as an alternative to water. Limitation on meat, salt and foods contain high oxalate, such as green leafy vegetables, chocolate and nuts may also be recommended as it known responsible for kidney stones formation.
As it always suggested, using natural treatment is the better way to solving all medical problem, while the best one is to start a healthy and balance lifestyle for long and stable result to prevent many medical problem might occur in the future. But for late case or acute one, modern medication may be prescribed as it faster and safe to solve the problem in short time.
Compile and re-written based on release fromUrology Channel